A seed is an embryo plant and incorporates nearly all of the supplies and power to begin off a brand new plant. To get essentially the most from one’s seeds it’s needful to grasp a little bit about their wants in order that simply the fitting circumstances could be given for profitable development.
Probably the most traditional causes of failures with seed is sowing too deeply; a seed has solely sufficient meals inside itself for a restricted interval of development and a tiny seed sown too deeply quickly expends that power and dies earlier than it may attain the floor. Our seed information, subsequently, states the optimum depth at which every sort of seed must be sown. One other widespread trigger is watering. Seeds want a provide of moisture and air within the soil round them. Preserving the soil too moist drives out the air and the seed rapidly rots, whereas inadequate water causes the tender seedling to dry out and die. We will completely suggest the Polythene bag technique (No. 11) which helps to beat this drawback. Watering of containers of very small seeds ought to all the time be performed from beneath, permitting the water to creep up till the floor glistens.
Most seeds will in fact solely germinate between sure temperatures. Too low and the seed takes up water however can not germinate and subsequently rots, too excessive and development throughout the seed is prevented. Happily, most seeds are tolerant of a variety of temperatures however it’s clever to attempt to preserve a gentle, not fluctuating temperature, at across the determine we now have really useful in our information. As soon as a number of of the seeds begin to germinate the temperatures could be diminished by about 5 levels F and air flow and light-weight must be given.
Some perennials and tree and shrub seeds could be very gradual and erratic in germination. This will likely typically be as a result of seed dormancy, a situation that forestalls the seed from germinating even when it’s completely wholesome and all circumstances for germination are at optimum. The pure technique is to sow the seeds outdoor someplace the place they are going to be sheltered from extremes of local weather, predators, and so on. and depart them till they emerge, which perhaps two or three seasons later. Dormancy, nevertheless, could be damaged artificially and our part Nos. 12-16 offers with this.
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HINTS ON SEED RAISING
1. Strelitzia and related
Don’t chip or mark the seed coat in any respect however merely take away the orange tuft and soak for as much as 2 hours, and even in a single day. Sow the seeds in moist sand, urgent them into the sand till solely a small a part of the black seed is seen and develop in a temperature of 75 levels F at the hours of darkness and make sure that the sand all the time stays moist. From 7 days onwards examine the container as soon as every week and as quickly as any bulges, roots or shoots are seen take away the germinated seed and pot up in a compost of half peat and half sand. We discover that Strelitzias typically produce a root with out a shoot and we now have additionally discovered that the younger shoots and roots are prone to fungal assault. Subsequently as quickly as attainable pot up and supply mild and contemporary air. Germination can begin inside 7 days and keep it up for six months or extra.
2. Palms; Banana; Espresso; Mini-Orange; Tea; Cycads and related
All this stuff can take a number of months to germinate and are very erratic in germination. Soak for a minimum of 2 hours in heat water earlier than sowing. (After soaking the parchment shell on the Espresso seeds must be eliminated with the fingernail). Sow in Levington or Arthur Bowers (compost and place at the hours of darkness in a temperature of 75 levels F, maintaining the compost moist always, however not moist. Examine commonly and sometimes dig round within the compost with a penknife. We usually sow our seeds slightly below the floor of the soil and we now have discovered that typically they make a really vigorous root with out producing a shoot in any respect. In the event you discover a seed with root then it must be excavated and potted up right into a 3-4” pot instantly when it’s going to produce a shoot. Cycads want to be potted up right into a compost of half sand and half peat. The Tea requires the above therapy however at a decrease temperature of 60-65 levels F.
3. Clivia and related
Sow these seeds instantly on receipt in Levington or a peat-based compost, overlaying with a 1/2 ” compost. Water and place at the hours of darkness in a temperature of 65-70’F. Germination ought to happen inside 3 weeks.
4. Ferns (Backyard and Indoor)
The fern spore wants a superb movie of moisture over which to swim so as to full the method of copy, subsequently a very good peat compost, resembling Levington, ought for use pressed down very firmly and which is much more moist than one would usually have it so as to present the moisture movie. The spore (seed) must be sprinkled shut collectively on the floor of the soil and never lined and the container must be lined with a bit of glass and positioned in subtle mild, however not darkness. It’s important to make sure that the compost stays moist always. Germination which commences with the looks of a movie of inexperienced jelly over the soil can take something from 1 -5 months.
You might want to strive germinating the fern spore on blotting paper which is positioned in a saucer and saved moist always. A clear cowl is inverted over the saucer and the whole thing positioned in a nicely lit however not sunny place. You’ll be able to really see the fern spores growing and when you’ll be able to see small plantlets showing alongside the jelly the blotting paper must be lifted and positioned on the floor of a container of Levington compost and watered nicely. It ought to then be lined with a clear cowl which may stay there till the vegetation are fairly massive.
5. Bromeliads; Cineraria; Calceolaria; Insect Eaters (Drosera, Nepenthes, Sarracenias); Dwelling Stones; Meconopsis; Rubber Vegetation; Saintpaulia; Streptocarpus; Tibouchina; Xmas Cactus; Begonia and related
These seeds must be sown on the floor of the compost and never lined. The compost must be fairly moist and we’d suggest that you just cowl the seed container with a bit of glass or clear plastic and depart in a temperature of roughly 65 levels F ready which receives subtle mild. As soon as a few of the seeds have germinated air must be admitted steadily in any other case the seedlings might damp off.
Alternatively, the seeds could be sown on to moist blotting paper or kitchen towel positioned in a saucer. Cowl with a clear cowl and place on a windowsill which receives loads of mild, however not direct daylight. Hold the blotting paper moist always and when the tiny seedlings are massive sufficient to deal with prick out into small pots. If the INSECT EATERS are sown utilizing the primary technique described the compost requires to be each moist but free draining. Use solely pure peat with no fertilizers added to which sphagnum moss must be added if obtainable.
6. Alstroemeria; Bonsai; Clematis; Hardy Cyclamen; Eucalyptus; Flower Garden; Helleborus; Hosta; Primula; Iris and related.
Sowing OCTOBER-FEBRUARY. Sow the seeds in John Innes seed compost, overlaying them with a skinny layer of compost. After watering place the seed container outdoors towards a North wall or in a chilly body, ensuring they’re protected towards mice, and depart them there till the spring. The compost must be saved moist however not moist always, and if the seed containers are out within the open then some shelter needs to be given towards extreme rain. Within the spring deliver the seed containers into the greenhouse, or indoors on to a nicely lit however not sunny windowsill and hold the compost moist. This could set off germination. If the seeds don’t germinate within the spring hold them in cool moist circumstances all through the summer time. As every seed germinates we’d suggest that you just transplant it nearly instantly into its personal pot.
Sowing MARCH-SEPTEMBER. Sow in John Innes seed compost, or one thing related, and place every container in a polythene bag and put into the fridge (not the freezer compartment) for 2-3 weeks. After this time place the containers outdoors in a chilly body or plunge them as much as the edges in a shady a part of the backyard border and canopy with glass or clear plastic. A few of the seeds might germinate through the spring and summer time and these must be transplanted when massive sufficient to deal with. The rest of the seeds might lay dormant till subsequent spring.
Germination of some objects, significantly Alstroemeria, Clematis, Hardy Cyclamen and Christmas Rose (Helleborus) might take 18 months or extra.
Another technique for rising PRIMULAS is to sow in a peat based mostly compost which has already been moistened and don’t cowl the seed. Cowl the container with a bit of glass or plastic and develop at the hours of darkness in a gentle temperature of 60F. That is fairly satisfactory and over 65’F germination might be inhibited. When the seeds begin to germinate sprinkle a skinny layer of superb compost over them and when the seed leaves come via this, transfer the field to a well-lit place with a temperature of 55’F. At no time ought to the seed field be in full solar.
Hardy Cyclamen have been discovered to germinate finest in whole darkness at round 55-60’F. We’ve had good outcomes with the next technique. Place the seeds between two items of damp filter paper, Kleenex tissue, and so on., then put right into a polythene bag and place this into an opaque container so as to exclude all mild. Examine the seeds after a month and take away and prick out because the seedlings seem, returning the ungerminated seeds to whole darkness.
7. Freesia
Soak the seeds for twenty-four hours and sow in Levington compost, or one thing related, and place in a temperature of 50-60’F. Germination can typically be gradual.
8. Nertera Granadensis (Bead Plant)
We not too long ago discovered that this topic requires a well-drained compost which is totally free from fertilizer (e.g. moss peat and sand in equal components). Sow by barely overlaying the seed and place a sheet of glass over the container, and depart in a temperature of 65-75’F. Flip the glass every day as extreme condensation can kill the younger seedlings. On germination, the seedlings look very skinny and spindly and the glass must be eliminated nearly instantly and the seed container moved to a nicely lit however not sunny place. Prick out as quickly as attainable right into a compost of fifty% pure peat and 50% sand. Hold moist and shaded till established.
9. Cactus and related
Make very shallow furrows in compost with a plant label and sow in these. No seed must be utterly buried. Water from beneath and canopy with glass and brown paper or black Polythene. Place in a darkish place in a temperature of 70-75F and hold moist. On germinating transfer to a light-weight however not sunny windowsill, give loads of air flow and water from beneath. Pot up after they start to overcrowd. Through the first winter solely hold heat and don’t permit to get too dry. If it isn’t attainable to develop heat then hold them drier. Subsequent years hold comparatively dry via the winter. May be planted outdoors, plunged to the rim, all summer time if required.
10. Lilies
Profitable germination of seeds of some lilies requires a interval of heat adopted by one among chilly.
Methodology 1. Put seeds in a screw-top jar in moist (not moist) peat and hold at 70-75F for 3-4 months. Examine commonly, any regular seedlings (that’s having root and seedling leaves) must be pricked out as they germinate. Any seeds which produce roots however not seedling leaves, sow in a pan and hold at 32-40’F for 3 months. Seed leaves and regular development will observe.
Methodology 2. Sow in a pan in summer time (heat spell); put in a body (or outdoors lined by a bit of glass) for the winter. Seeds will germinate in spring. Soil Humus wealthy (peat or leafmould) lime free and really free drainage (use 1/3 grit). By no means overwater, hold bulbs nearly dry from November to March.
11. For extra delicate seeds
A technique which has proved helpful for not solely small delicate seeds however for a variety of varieties is the Polythene bag technique.
The seeds must be sown on the floor of the moist compost, lined to their really useful depth if essential and the container is then positioned inside a Polythene bag after which the tip is sealed with an elastic band. The bag ought to ‘fog-up’ with condensation inside 24 hours and if this doesn’t happen place the container nearly as much as its rim in moisture till the soil floor glistens, then exchange within the bag and reseal. The bag is just not eliminated and usually no extra watering is required till the seeds germinate. Nonetheless, it’s clever, if left for an extended interval to verify the compost sometimes.
The seed container, bag and so on. must be positioned in a well-lit place with a gentle temperature. As quickly as a good variety of the seedlings emerge to take away the polythene bag, decrease the temperature a number of levels and supply loads of mild, however not vivid sunshine, to make sure that sturdy seedlings develop. It is usually useful to spray the seedlings sometimes for the primary 14 days.
SPECIAL TREATMENT
12. Laborious Seeds-Chipping
Some seeds, e.g. Candy peas, lpomaea and so on., have onerous seed coats which stop moisture being absorbed by the seed. All that’s wanted is for the outer floor to be scratched or abraided to permit water to move via. This may be achieved by chipping the seed with a pointy knife at an element furthest away from the ‘eye’, by rubbing evenly with sandpaper or with very small seed pricking rigorously as soon as with a needle and so on.
A few of our geranium seeds have already been handled on this approach once you obtain them.
13. Laborious Seeds-Soaking
Soaking is useful in two methods; it may soften a tough seed coat and in addition leach out any chemical inhibitors within the seed which can stop germination. 24 hours in water which begins off hand scorching is often adequate. If soaking for longer the water must be modified every day. Seeds of some species (e.g. Cytisus, Caragana, Clianthus) swell up when they’re soaked. If some seeds of a batch do swell inside 24 hours they need to be planted instantly and the rest pricked gently with a pin and returned to soak. As every seed swells it must be eliminated and sown earlier than it has time to dry out.
14. Stratification (chilly therapy)
Some seeds want a interval of moisture and chilly after harvest earlier than they are going to germinate-usually that is essential to both permit the embryo to mature or to interrupt dormancy. This era could be artificially stimulated by putting the moistened seed in a fridge for a sure time period (often 3- 5 weeks at round 41 F). With tiny seeds, it’s best to sow them on moistened compost, seal the container in a Polythene bag and depart every little thing within the fridge for the really useful interval. Nonetheless, bigger seeds could be blended with 2-3 instances their quantity of damp peat, positioned instantly right into a Polythene bag which is sealed and positioned within the fridge. Have a look at seeds every now and then. The seeds should be moist while being pre-chilled, nevertheless it doesn’t often profit them to be really in water or at temperatures beneath freezing.
Gentle additionally appears to be useful after prechilling and so pre-chilled seeds ought to have solely the lightest overlaying of compost over them if any is required, and the seed trays and so on. must be within the mild and never lined with brown paper and so on.
Data on Seed Stratification
15. Double Dormancy
Some seeds have a mix of dormancy’s and each needs to be damaged in flip and in the fitting sequence earlier than germination can happen; for instance, some Lilies, Tree paeonies, Taxus want a 3 month heat interval (68-86’F) throughout which the foundation develops after which a 3 month chilling to interrupt dormancy of the shoots, earlier than the seedling really emerges. Trillium wants a three-month chill adopted by three months of heat after which an extra three-month chill earlier than it’s going to germinate.
16. Out of doors therapy
The above-mentioned strategies (12-15) speed up the germination course of and assist to stop seeds being misplaced as a result of exterior hazards (mice, illness, and so on.) however outside sowing is simply as efficient albeit longer. The seeds are finest sown in containers of free draining compost and positioned in a chilly body or plunged as much as their rim outside in a shaded a part of the backyard, ideally on the north aspect of the home avoiding chilly drying winds and powerful solar.
Current exams present that a lot of the useful results of pre-chilling are misplaced if the seed is just not uncovered to mild instantly afterward. We, subsequently, suggest sowing the seeds very near the floor of the soil and overlaying the container with a sheet of glass. Another technique particularly with bigger seeds is to sow the seed in a well-prepared floor, cowl with a jam jar and press this down nicely into the soil in order that the seeds are enclosed and protected from predators, drying out and so on.
We’d additionally suggest you seek the advice of No. 6 which incorporates additional sensible solutions relating to the particular therapy of seeds.
Germination days.
The standard time interval through which a specific selection will germinate given optimum circumstances.
Gentle/Darkish
Seeds needing mild shouldn’t have any newspaper, brown paper and so on. positioned over the trays. Seeds needing darkish for germination must be positioned in whole darkness.
Gradual and irregular germination
That is the column with the “X”. Not all seeds will present without delay
-prick out every seedling because it turns into massive sufficient to deal with and don’t discard the container till nicely over the time advised.
Temperature
A gradual temperature between these limits is recommended-fluctuating temperatures can injury a seedling in its important early levels.
Compost
Most respected seed composts might be fairly satisfactory and we now have indicated the place a loam-based sort resembling John Innes or a peat-based sort resembling Levington could be barely extra appropriate. By no means ought to potting composts, which have further fertilizers, be used.
Sowing Depth
If doubtful sow shallowly, however all the time make sure that the compost floor is damp.
J.C. =Simply cowl the seed with compost or sharp sand. S=Sow on the floor and don’t cowl in any respect with compost.
Sowing in situ
The place really useful below the heading of feedback, these seeds could be sown outdoor. Moist soil labored right down to a superb tilth is crucial. For hardy annuals and perennials, sowing could be carried out from late winter onwards as quickly as the bottom is workable and has warmed up and half-hardy annuals in spite of everything hazard of frost is handed.
SUGGESTED SOWING TIMES
Many seeds, significantly in the home plant vary, could be sown indoors at nearly any season of the 12 months. Others, for instance, bedding vegetation, have a much-limited sowing season as a result of the vegetation must be at simply the fitting stage when planted out. We, subsequently, supply the next normal pointers to sowing instances. Your precise time of sowing will rely an amazing deal upon the regular temperature you’ll be able to preserve in your greenhouse/propagator, soil, native circumstances and so on.
HA Hardy Annual Late winter/early spring. HHA Half Hardy Annual Early/ late spring. Usually 4-8 weeks earlier than planting outdoors. GBb Greenhouse Bulb GP Greenhouse Perennial Anytime of 12 months. GSh Greenhouse Shrub GT Greenhouse Tree HP Hardy Perennial Late winter/late spring and late summer time/autumn. HHP Half Hardy Perennial Late winter/spring. HBb Hardy Bulb Late winter/late spring and late summer time/autumn HHBB Half Hardy Bulb Late winter/spring. HB Hardy Biennal Late spring/early summer time. HHB Half Hardy Biennal Summer time/autumn. HSh Hardy Shrub Winter/late spring and late summer time/autumn. HHSh Half Hardy Shrub Any time of 12 months. HT Hardy Tree Winter/late spring and late summer time/autumn. HHT Half Hardy Tree Any time of 12 months.
Any plant which is to be planted outdoors (HA, HHA, HHP, HHSh.) must be nicely hardened off beforehand. That is finest achieved by putting the vegetation outdoors in a chilly body for round every week earlier than planting out. The body could be left uncovered throughout gentle climate however all the time changed at evening. Alternatively, if no body is accessible to maneuver the packing containers outdoors to a sheltered spot through the day and produce indoors at evening.
The beneath file could be downloaded on this hyperlink: Seed Germination Listing
Timber and shrubs are farther down the checklist. The "ˆ" stands for gradual and irregular germination. Selection Kind Germ Days G Temp Media Sow Depth Feedback Abarema GP 7-56 70-75 Peaty 1/4" Scarify seed by rubbing between 2 items of emery paper. Abelmoschus HHA 15-30 75-80 Nicely drained 1/16" Soak 1 hour in lukewarm water earlier than sowing. Abutilon HHSh 21-30 ˆ 70-80 Peaty JC Acacia HHSh 21 70-80 Nicely drained 1/16" See No. 13. Soak in heat water for 4 hours. Acaena HP 30-100 ˆ 50-60 Nicely drained 1/4" Acanthus HP 21-25 50-55 Peaty 1/4". Achillea HP 30-100 L ˆ 60-65 Nicely drained S Cut back soil temperature at evening. Achimenes GP 21-30 65-75 Nicely drained S See No. 5. Seed could be very small. Acnistus HHSh 21-42 55-65 Nicely drained 1/16" Aconitum HP 5-270 L ˆ 55-60 Nicely drained 1/16" See Nos. 6 & 14. Place in a fridge for six weeks. Actaea HP 30-365 ˆ 55-60 Nicely drained JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 6-8 weeks). Actinidia HP 60-90 ˆ 50 Nicely drained 1/8" Male & Feminine flowers are borne on separate vegetation. Adansonia GSh 21-365 ˆ 70-80 Peaty 1/16" Soak in hand scorching water. See No. 13. Adenanthera GSh 30-90 70-75 Nicely drained JC See No. 13. Soak in scorching water. Adenium GSh 7-14 L 65-70 Very nicely draineJC Adenophora HP 30-90 ˆ 50-55 Nicely drained S Adonis HA, HP 30-120 ˆ 60-65 Nicely drained JC Aechmia GP 7-90 L ˆ 60-70 Peaty S See No. 5. Aethionema HP 30-90 ˆ 60-65 Nicely drained JC Agapanthus HHP 30-90 60-65 Nicely drained JC Agastache HP 30-90 55 Nicely drained 1/16 " Agave GP 30-90 L ˆ 55 Nicely drained S Ageratum HHA 10-14 L 70-75 Nicely drained S Agrostemma HA 14-21 55-65 Nicely drained 1/8" May be sown in situ Alchemilla HP 21-30 60-70 Nicely drained 1/8" Allium HBb 30-365 L 50 Nicely drained JC See No. 14. Place in fridge for 4 weeks. Aloe GP 30-180 L 70 Nicely drained S Alonsoa HHA 14-21 60 Nicely drained 1/16" Cowl seed with silver sand. Alpina GP 30-90 70-75 Peaty 1/8" Alstroemeria HP 30-365 ˆ 65-70 Peaty 1/16" See No. 13. Soak in heat water. Sow singly in pcrts. Alyssum HA 7-14 L 55-75 Peaty S Annuals could be sown in situ. Amaranthus HHA 10-15 70-75 Peaty 1/16" Amaryllis HHBb 21-70 ˆ 65-75 Peaty 1/16" Don't dry off within the first 12 months after sowing. Ammi HHA 7-21 55-65 Nicely drained 1/16" Ammobium HHA 10-15 60 Nicely drained 1/16" Anacampseros GP 30-90 L ˆ 65-70 Nicely drained S Anacyclus HP 30-60 L ˆ 55-60 Nicely drained JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks.) Anagallis HHA 30-42 50-65 Nicely drained 1/8" Anaphalis HP 30-60 55-65 Nicely drained JC Anchusa HA, HP 7-30 70 Nicely drained 1/16" May be sown in situ Androsace HP 30-365 ˆ 50-55 Nicely drained S See No. 16. Anemone HP 28-180 ˆ 65-70 Nicely drained JC See No. 6. Anemonopsis HP 30-18O L ˆ 55-60 Nicely drained S Sow in lime free compost. Anigozanthus GP 30-90 L 60-65 Peaty S See No. 5. Anoda HHA 14-21 55-65 Nicely drained 1/4" May be sown in situ Antennaria HP 30-69 55-60 Nicely drained JC Simply cowl with silver sand. Anthemis HP 0-14 70 Nicely drained S Anthericum HP 30-90 50 Nicely drained 1/8" Anthriscus HP, HB 14-21 55-65 Nicely drained 1/4" Often sown in situ Anthyllis HP 30-60 50 Nicely drained 1/8" See No. 13. Soak in heat water in a single day. Antigonon GP 21-30 65-70 Nicely drained JC Antirrhinum HHA 10-21 L 65-75 Peaty S Aphyllanthes HP 21-56 ˆ 55-60 Peaty JC Aquilegia HP 30-90 L ˆ 65-75 Nicely drained S See No. 6 or 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Hold temperature beneath 70°F Arabis HP 20-25 L 70 Nicely drained S May be sown in situ. Arachis GA 7-21 70-75 Peaty 1/4" Sow, then place inside a polythene bag till germination. Araujia HHSh 90-180 ˆ 75-80 Nicely drained JC Arctotis HHA 21-35 60-70 Nicely drained JC Ardisia GSh 90-180 75 Nicely drained 1/4" Arenaria HP 15-30 55-65 Nicely drained S Argemone HA 14 65-70 Nicely drained 1/8" May be sown in situ Arisaema HP 30-180 L ˆ 55-60 Nicely drained JC Aristea GP 30-90 ˆ 55-60 Nicely drained JC Aristolochia GSh 30-90 ˆ 75-85 Peaty S See No. 13. (Soak 48 hours in hand scorching water). Armeria HP 14-21 60-70 Nicely drained JC See No. 13. (6-8 hours in hand scorching water). Arnica HP 25-30 55 Nicely drained JC Likes an acid sandy soil. Artemisia HP 30-60 L 60-65 Nicely drained S Arum HP 30-l80 ˆ 55-65 Peaty 1/8" Aruncus HP 30-90 55-65 Peaty S Asarina HHP 14-21 L 65-70 Nicely drained S Asarum HP 7-30 60-65 Nicely drained 1/16" Sow as quickly as attainable. Asclepias GP, HP 30-90 ˆ 50-75 Peaty 1/16" See No. 14. (Pre-chil for 3-4 weeks). Asparagus GP 21-30 60-70 Peaty 1/4" Soak then chip. See Nos. 12 and 13. Asperula HA 30-42 L 50 Nicely drained 1/16" May be sown in situ or No. 14. (Pre-chill 2 weeks). Asphodeline HP 30 ˆ 70-75 Nicely drained JC Aster HHA 10-14 65-70 Nicely drained 1/16" Pre-chill perennial asters, see No. 14. (Pre-chill 2 weeks). Astilbe HP 40-80 65 Peaty S See No. 5. Astrantia HP 30-180 L ˆ 55-65 Nicely drained S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4 weeks). Atriplex HA 9-21 50-55 Nicely drained 1/16" May be sown in situ Atropa HP 21-30 50 Nicely drained 1/16" Aubrieta HP 14-21 L 65-75 Nicely drained S See No. 5. Baileya HHP 7-30 60-65 Nicely drained JC Balsamorrhiza HP 14-42 60-65 Nicely drained 1/16" Banana (Musa) GP 7-180 ˆ 70-80 Peaty 1/2² See No. 2. Banksia HHSh 30-90 ˆ 65-70 Peaty S See No. 5. Baptisia HP 7-10 70-75 Nicely drained 1/4" Soak then chip. See Nos. 13 and 12. Basil HHA 7-10 60-70 Nicely drained 1/16" May be sown situ Bauhinia GSh 21-42 75-85 Peaty 1/4" See No. 13. (Soak 48 hours in hand scorching water). Beaufortia HHSh 14-60 L 55-65 Peaty S See No. 5. Beaumontia GSh 7-30 70-75 Peaty 1/16" Begonia HHP 15-60 L ˆ 70-80 Peaty S See No. 5. Fibrous 70-75°F, tuberous 65-70°F. Belamcanda HP 14-60 ˆ 60-86 Nicely drained See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 7 days). Bellis HB 10-15 L 70 Peaty 1/16" Cut back soil temperature at evening. Beloperone GP 30-180 L ˆ 70-75 Peaty S See No. 5. Bergenia HP 30-180 ˆ 60-70 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for two weeks). Berlandiera HHP 30-90 L 60-70 Nicely drained S Beta HB 14-21 55-65 Nicely drained 1/4" Often sown in situ. Bignonia GP 30-90 ˆ 60-70 Peaty S Billadiera HHP 30-60 55 Sandy peat JC Billbergia HHP 7-90 L 60-70 Peaty S See No. 5. Biscutella HHA 14-21 55-65 Nicely drained JC May be sown in situ. Bixa GT 30-180 ˆ 75-80 Peaty Blandfordia HHP 30-90+ ˆ 60-70 Sandy peat JC Bletilla HHP 30-365 L ˆ 65-70 Peaty S See No. 5. Boea GP 20-60 L ˆ 70-75 Peaty S See No. 5. Boronia GSh 30-60 L 65-75 Peaty S See No. 5. Brachycombe HHA 10-18 70 Nicely drained JC Brimeura HBb 30-60 ˆ 60-65 Sandy peat JC Bromeliads GP 7-90 L ˆ 60-70 Peaty S See No. 5. Browellia GP 14-21 L 75 Peaty S See No. 5. Brunfelsia GP 30-90 ˆ 70-80 Nicely drained JC Bulbinella H/HHBb 30-90 ˆ 55 Nicely drained JC Bupthalmum HP 14-30 L 70-75 Nicely drained S Cacti GP 5-180 L ˆ 75-80 Peaty S See No. 9. Caesalonia HhSh 14-120 ˆ 75-80 Nicely drained 1/4" See No. 13. (Soak 48 hours in hand scorching water). Calandrinia HHA 5-14 55-60 Nicely drained 1/8" May be sown in situ Calceolaria GB 14-21 L ˆ 65-75 Peaty S Out of doors varieties hold temperature beneath 60°F. Calendula HA 10-14 D 70 Any 1/4" May be sown in situ, or autumn for winter greenhouse flowers. Calibanus GP 30-120 L ˆ 70-80 Peaty S Calliopsis HA 14 60-65 Nicely drained 1/8" May be sown in situ Callirhoe HP 30-180+ L ˆ 50 Nicely drained S May be sown in situ or a chilly body. Callistemon HHSh 14-60 L 55-65 Peaty S See No. 5. Caltha HP 30-90 ˆ 55-60 Peaty 1/16" Hold compost slighty moist. Camassia HBb 30-180 ˆ 55-60 Nicely drained 1/16" Campanula HP, HB 14-28 L 60-70 Peaty S See No. 5. Campsis HHSh 30-90 ˆ 70-75 Nicely drained S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for two months). Canarina GP 30-180 ˆ 65-75 Nicely drained JC Candytuft HA, HP 10-15 68-85 Nicely drained 1/4" May be sown in stiu. Perennials (60-65°F) could be gradual and irregular. Canna HHP 21-60 ˆ 70-75 Peaty 1/4" See Nos 12 & 13, chip and soak for 48 hours. Capsicum GA 21-30 L 70-75 Peaty S Cardiocrinum HBb 90-730 ˆ 50 Peaty 1/16" See No. 6. Cardiospermum HHA 21-30 65-70 Nicely drained 1/2" Carica GSh 30-120 ˆ 75 Peaty 1/8" See No. 13. (Soak for 40 hours). Carlina HP 30-60 L 55-60 Nicely drained S Carthamus HA 12-18 55-65 Nicely drained 1/4" May be sown in stiu Cassia GSh 7-90 70-75 Nicely drained 1/8" See No. 12. Casuarina GT 30-90 65 Nicely drained JC Catananche HP 21-25 65-75 Nicely drained 1/16" Catharanthus GA/HHA 15-20 D 70-75 Peaty 1/8" Celosia GA 10-15 L 70-75 Nicely drained JC Don't sow too early - likes heat bouyant circumstances. Centaurea HP, HA 7-14 D 60-70 Nicely drained 1/16" Centranthus HP 21-30 60-70 Nicely drained JC May be sown in situ. Cephalaria HP 21-60 55-65 Nicely drained 1/4" May be sown in situ. Cephalilitrum HHA 14-21 65-75 Nicely drained JC Cerastium HP 5-10 60 Nicely drained 1/16" Ceratotheca HHA 8-14 70-75 Nicely drained 1/8" Cerinthe HHA 7-14 60-65 Nicely drained 1/16" May be sown in situ Cheiranthus HB 14-21 65-75 Nicely drained 1/8" Sow in a reserve mattress, prick out 6" aside. Plant out in Oct. Chelidonium HP 30-365 ˆ 55-65 Nicely drained 1/8" See No. 16. Chelone HP 14-42 55-65 Nicely drained 1/16" Wants good drainage. Chiastophyllum HP 30-60 55 Nicely drained S Seeds very small. Chionodoxa HBb 30-90 ˆ 55 Nicely drained 1/4" Chlorogalum HBb 30-90 ˆ 55-80 Nicely drained 1/8" See No. 6. Chrysanthemum HA, HP 10-18 60-70 Peaty 1/8" Annuals could be sown in situ. HP's cut back temperature at evening. Cimicifuga HP 30-365 ˆ 55-60 Nicely drained 1/16" Cineraria GP 14-21 L ˆ 70 Nicely drained JC Cirrhopetalum GP 30-180 L ˆ 65-70 Nicely drained S Cirsium HP 15-18 70-75 Nicely drained 1/8" Cissus GSh 30-180 ˆ 70-75 Nicely drained JC Cladanthus HA 30-35 70-75 Nicely drained JC Clarkia HA 21 - Nicely drained 1/4" Greatest sown in situ, as sturdier vegetation are produced. Claytonia HA 14-21 65-70 Nicely drained 1/8" Clematis HP 30-270+ ˆ 70-75 Nicely drained 1/8" See Nos. 6 & 16. Cleome HHA 10+14 L 70-75 Nicely drained S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for two weeks). Clerodendrum GSh 21-60 ˆ 70-75 Nicely drained 1/8" Clianthus GSh 14-42 65-70 Nicely drained 1/16" See No. 13. Clintonia HP 30-90 55-60 Sandy peat JC Hold compost all the time simply moist. Clitoria GP 15-20 70-75 Nicely drained 1/16" See Nos. 12 and 13. (Chip and soak for twenty-four hours). Clivia GP 7-21 80-85 Peaty 1/4" Sow instantly. See No. 3. Cobaea HHA 21-30 70-75 Nicely drained 1/16" Stick the seed vertically into the compost. Coccoloba GSh 10-21 65-70 Nicely drained 1/4" See No. 13. (Soak for twenty-four hours). Codonopsis HP 7-42 L 60-70 Slighty acid S Coffea GSh 42-56 L 75 Peaty S See No. 2. (Soak for 48 hours). Colchicum HBb 30-365 ˆ 55-65 Peaty 1/8" See No. 16. Coleus HHP 10-20 L 65-75 Peaty S Indoors, likes to be heat with loads of vivid mild. Collinsia HHA 14-21 - Nicely drained 1/4" Greatest sown in situ, skinny out to six'. Collomia HA 21 - Nicely drained 1/8" Greatest sown in situ, skinny out to six". Columnea GP 30-120 L ˆ 72-75 Peaty S Commelina HHP 30-37 70 Nicely drained 1/8" Conophytum GP 10-40 L ˆ 75-80 Nicely drained S Convallaria HP 60-365+ L ˆ 50-60 Nicely drained JC See No. 16. Convolvulus HA 5-14 70-80 Nicely drained 1/8" Chip (12) or soak (13) the seeds. Cordyline GP 30-90 75-80 Peaty 1/16" See No. 13. (Soak for 10 minutes in hand scorching water). Coreopsis HP 20-25 L 55-70 Nicely drained S Annuals could be sown In situ Correa HHSh 30-90 ˆ 65-72 Nicely drained JC Cortaderia HP 14-21 L 60-75 Peaty S See No. 5. Corydalis HP 30-60 L 50-60 Nicely drained S Cosmos HHA 5-10 68-86 Nicely drained 1/8" May be sown in situ Cotula HHA 14-42 50 Nicely drained 1/16" Crambe HP 21-42 - Nicely drained 1/2" Greatest sown In situ. Craspedia HHA 14-30 70-75 Peaty 1/8" May be sown in situ. Crepis HA 5-14 70-80 Wed drained JC Crocosmia HP 30-90 55-60 Nicely drained 1/16" Crocus HBb 30-180 ˆ 55-65 Nicely drained 1/8" Crossandra GP 25-30 L ˆ 75-80 Peaty S See No. 5. Crotalaria GSh 21-30 65-75 Nicely drained 1/16" See No. 13. (Soak for two hours) Cryptostegia GCI 30-90 ˆ 65-75 Nicely drained 1/16" See No. 13. (Soak for two hours) Cunonia GSh 30-60 70-75 Peaty 1/16" Cuphea HHP 8-10 L 70 Peaty S Cyananthus HP 14-60 L 60-65 Peaty S See No. 5. Cycad GP 30-90 ˆ 70-75 Nicely drained Half bury the seed lengthwise. Cyclamen GP 30-60 D ˆ 55-60 Peaty 1/4" Hold moist and in whole darkness. Cyclamen HP 30-18O D ˆ 55-60 Peaty 1/4" See No. 6. Cynara HP 14-30 50-55 Nicely drained 1/8" May be sown In situ. Cynoglossum HA 5-10 D 65-75 Peaty 1/4" Cyperus HHP 25-30 70-75 Peaty JC Hold the compost slighty moist. Cyphomandra GP 20-25 70-75 Peaty 1/16" Cyphostemma GP 30-60 ˆ 70 Nicely drained 1/4" See No. 13. (Soak for two hours). Cypripedium HP 30-365 L ˆ 65-70 Peaty S See No. 5. Very difficuft outdoors the laboratory. Cyrtanthus GP 30-90 ˆ 55-65 Peaty S Hold the compost silghty moisty Dahlia HHA 5-20 65-70 Peaty 1/16" Don't let the compost dry out. Darlingtonia HP 30-90 ˆ 75-80 Peaty S Don't let the compost dry out. See additionally No. 5. Datura HHSH 21-42 55-65 Nicely drained 1/8" Delonix GT 30-90 ˆ 75-85 Peaty 1/16" See No. 13. (Soak for twenty-four hours). Delosperma HHP 10-40 L 75 Nicely drained S Delphinium HP 14-28 D ˆ 50-55 Peaty 1/16" Excessive temps. trigger dormancy. See No. 14. (Pre-chill for two weeks). Desmodium GA 30-90 75-80 nicely drained 1/16" Dianella H/HHP 30-90 65-70 Nicely drained 1/16" Dianthus HHA, HP 14-21 60-70 Nicely drained JC Diascia HHA 14-30 60 Nicely drained JC Dicentra HP 30-180 L ˆ 55-60 Nicely drained JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for six weeks). Dichorisandra GP 7-60 70-75 Peaty JC Dictamnus HP 30-180 ˆ 55-60 Nicely drained See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4-8 weeks). Didymocarpus Gp 14-56 L ˆ 65-70 Nicely drained S Dierama HP 30-180 L ˆ 60-65 Nicely drained S See No. 5. Dietes HHP 30-90 ˆ 50-60 Nicely drained JC Digitalis HP, HB 15-20 L 60-65 Peaty S May be sown in situ. Dimorphotheca HHA 10-15 L 60-70 Peaty JC Dionaea GP 30-90 L ˆ 75-80 Peaty S See No. 5. Dioon GP 30-90 ˆ 70-75 1/2 peat, 1/2 sand 1/4" See No. 2. Dioscorea HP 21-36 70-75 Peaty 1/8" Diplarrhena HP 30-90 55-65 Nicely drained JC Diplolaena GSh 30-150 L ˆ 7-8O Peaty JC Dipsacus HB 4-30 - Nicely drained 1/4" Greatest sown in situ Disporum HP 30-180+ L ˆ 55-65 Nicely drained JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for six weeks). Dizygotheca HHSh 20-30 L 70 Peaty S Dodecatheon HP 90-365 60-70 Nicely drained 1/16" See No. 6. Dolichos HHA 14-30 70 Nicely drained 1/16" See No. 13. Doronicum HP 15-20 L 70 Nicely drained S Cut back soil tempeature at evening Doryanthes HHP 30-60 65 Peaty JC See No. 13. (Soak for 3 hours). Draba HP 30-90 ˆ 55 Nicely drained JC See Nos. 6 and 14. Dracaena GSh 30-180 L ˆ 75-85 Nicely drained S Hold the compost barely moist Dracunculus HP 30-180 ˆ 55-65 Peaty JC Hold the compost barely moist Drosera GP 30-90 L 55-65 Peaty S See No. 5. Dryas HP 50-180 ˆ 60-70 Nicely drained JC See No. 6. Duchesnia HP 30-90 L ˆ 55-65 Nicely drained JC Duranta GSh 30-60 70-75 Peaty JC Eccremocarpus HP 30-60 ˆ 55-60 Nicely drained JC Cowl the seed barely with silver sand Echeveria HHP 21-90 L ˆ 55-65 Nicely drained JC Echinacea HP 10-21 L 70-75 Peaty 1/8" Cut back soil temperature at evening. Echinops HP 15-60 65-75 Peaty 1/16" Echium HA 7-14 70 Nicely drained 1/4" May be sown in situ. Edraianthus HP 30-60 L 55-65 Nicely drained 1/16" Egg Plant GA 10-21 ˆ 70 Peaty 1/8" Hold the compost barely moist Emilia HHA 8-15 70 Nicely drained 1/16" Epilobium HP 14-30 50-60 Nicely drained 1/8" Episcia GP 25-40 L 70-80 Peaty S Seeds mud like. See additionally No. 5. Eranthis HBb 30-365 ˆ 60-68 Nicely drained 1/16" See No. 6 and 14. Eremurus HP 30-365 L ˆ 55-65 Nicely drained JC See No. 16 Erica GP 30-120 L ˆ 60-70 Acid Peat S See No. 5. Erigeron HP 15-20 55 Nicely drained S Erinus HP 20-25 65-75 Nicely drained S Eriobotrya HHSh 30-180 ˆ 50 Nicely drained JC See No. 13. (Soak for twenty-four hours). Eriophyllum HP 14-42 - Nicely drained 1/8" Greatest sown outside and transplanted. Eryngium HP 5-90 L ˆ 65-75 Nicely drained S See No. 6. Erysium HP 14-30 - Nicely drained 1/4" Sow in situ. Erythrina HHSh 10-15 70-75 Peaty 1/8" See No. 13. (Soak for twenty-four hours). Erythronium HBb 30-365 ˆ 50-60 Nicely drained 1/8" See No. 6. Eschscholtzia HA 14-21 60-65 Nicely drained 1/4" Resents transplanting, finest sown in situ. Eucalyptus HHSh, HT 14-90 ˆ 70-75 Peaty S Sow seed and chaff collectively. See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4 weeks). Eucnide HHA 21-30 60-70 Nicely drained 1/8" Eucomis GBb 20-25 70-75 Peaty 1/16" Eupatorium HP 30-90 ˆ 55 Nicely drained JC Euphorbia HHA,HP,GSh10-15 ˆ 70-80 Nicely drained 1/4" Pre chill HPs for 7 days after which soak for two hours.Sow in lime free compost(Ericaceous). Eustoma HHP 10-21 L 68-77 Nicely drained S Exacum GA 15-20 L 70-75 Peaty S Seed mud like. See No. 5. Fascicularia HHP 30-120 L ˆ 60-70 Peaty S See No. 5. Fatsia HHSH 15-20 70-75 Peaty 1/4" Hold the compost barely moist. Faucaria GP 14-30 ˆ 60 Nicely drained JC Simply cowl with sharp sand. Feijoa HHSH 21-42 55-60 Peaty 1/16" Rinse seeds 3 instances earlier than sowing. Felicia Amelloides HHP 30 55-60 Nicely drained JC See No. 14. (Place in fridge for 3 weeks). Felicia BergerianaHHA 30 70 Nicely drained JC Ferns HP, GP 30-180 L 65 Peaty S See No. 4. Ficus GSh 15-90 L ˆ 70-80 Peaty S See No. 5. Filipendula HP 30-90 55-60 Nicely drained JC Flower Garden HP 30-180 L ˆ 55-65 Nicely drained S See Nos. 6 or 16. F.Cabbage & Kale HB 14-21 70-75 Peaty 1/8" May be sown in situ Foeniculum HP 10-14 D 65 Nicely drained 1/8" Dislikes transplanting, sow in situ. Francoa HHP 14-30 L ˆ 50-55 Peaty S See No. 6. Freesia HHBB 25-30 ˆ 65-75 Peaty 1/4" See No. 7. Fritillaria HBb 330-540 ˆ 55-M Peaty 1/16" See No. 6. Fuchsia GP 21-90 L ˆ 70-75 Peaty S See No. 5. Soak in rain water for 3-4 days. Hold compost moist. Gaillardia HP, HHA 15-20 L ˆ 70-75 Peaty S Cut back soil temperature at evening. Galega HP 14-60 - Nicely drained 1/4" Greatest sown outside and transplanted. Galtonia HBb 15-20 ˆ 70 Peaty 1/16" Gardenia GSh 25-30 70-75 Peaty 1/8" Use a lime free compost (Ericaceous). Gaura HHA 14-30 65-75 Nicely drained 1/16" Gazania HHA 8-21 D 60-65 Nicely drained 1/8" Gentiana HP 14-180 D ˆ 70-75 Lime free JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for two months). Gentianopsis HA 21-30 L - Nicely drained S Sow outside and skinny. Delicate to root disturbance. Geranium HHP 3-21 ˆ 70-75 Nicely drained JC Geranium HP 30-90 ˆ 50 Nicely drained JC See No. 6. Gerbera GP 15-25 L 70-75 Peaty JC Sow sharp finish down, do not cowl completly. Gesneria GP 14-21 L 70-75 Peaty S See No. 5. Geum HP 21-28+ ˆ 65-70 Peaty 1/16" Cut back soil temperature at evening. Gilia HA 17 - Nicely drained 1/8" Sow outside and skinny out. Glaucidium HP 30-90 ˆ 50-55 Peaty JC Glaucium HA 14-21 D 60-65 Nicely drained JC Transplant rigorously, finest sown In situ. Globularia HP 10-30 L 55 Nicely drained S See No. 14. (Pre-chil for 3 weeks). Gloriosa HHBb 30 70-75 Peaty 1/16" Gloxinia GP 15-30 L ˆ 65-75 Peaty S See No. 5. Gnaphalium HP 14-21 L 60-70 Nicely drained S Godetia HA 7-14 60-65 Nicely drained 1/4" May be sown in situ Gomphrena HHA 6-8 L 70-75 Nicely drained JC Gourds HHA 15-29 80 Peaty 1/4" Can even deal with as No. 5. Grass Tree HHP 30-180 L ˆ 65 Peaty S See No. 4. Grasses HP, HHA 10-90 L ˆ 60-75 Peaty S Grevillea HHSh 20-25 L 75-80 Nicely drained S See No. 13. (Soak for twenty-four hours). Gunnera HP 14-60 ˆ 70-80 Peaty 1/16" Guzmania GP 7-90 L ˆ 60-70 Peaty S See No. 5. Gypsophila hA, HP 10-15 ˆ 70 Peaty JC Hacquetia HP 30-180 ˆ 55 Nicely drained JC See No. 16. Haemanthus GBb 7-42 60-65 Peaty JC Haplopappus HP 21-30 60-70 Nicely drained 1/8" Hardenbergia HHP 30-90 ˆ 55-65 Nicely drained 1/8" See No. 13. (Soak for twenty-four hours). Harpephyllum GP 10-30 70-75 Peaty 1/4" See No. 13. (Soak for twenty-four hours). Haworthia HHP 21-60 L 60-65 Nicely drained JC Hedychium HHP 20-25 70-75 Peaty 1/16" See No. 13. (Soak for two hours). Hedysarum HP 14-42 55-65 Nicely drained 1/16" Helenium HP 7-10 70 Peaty 1/16" May be sown in situ. Cut back soil temperature at evening. Helianthemum HP 15-20 70-75 Nicely drained S See No. 5. Helianthus HA 10-14 70-85 Peaty 1/4" May be sown in situ. Helichrysum HHA 7-10 L 65-75 Nicely drained S Heliophila HHA 14-21 60-65 Nicely drained 1/16" Heliopsis HP 10-15 70 Nicely drained 1/16" Heliotropium HHP 14-42 ˆ 65-75 Nicely drained 1/16" Helipterum HA 14-20 65-75 Peaty 1/16" May be sown in situ Helleborous HP 30-545 ˆ 60-65 Nicely drained See No. 6. Could have to undergo two winters outside. Hemerocallis HP 21-49 60-70 Nicely drained 1/8" See No. 14. (Pre-chill for six weeks). Hemiphora GP 30-120 ˆ 70-75 Peaty JC Hepatica HP 30-360 L 50-55 Nicely drained JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Heracleum HP 30-90 - Nicely drained 1/4" Sow in situ. See No. 6. Herniaria HP 10-12 70 Nicely drained JC Hesperis HB 20-25 L 70-85 Peaty S May be sown in situ. Cut back soil temperature at evening. Heuchera HP 10-60 L ˆ 65-70 Nicely drained S Hibiscus HHP, GA 15-30 ˆ 75-80 Peaty 1/16" Chip and soak. See Nos. 12 & 13. Hieracium HP 21-30 50-60 Nicely drained JC Hippeastrum HHBB 30-42 75 Pemy 1/8" Hollyhock HA, HP 10-12 L 60-70 Peaty S May be sown in situ. Holmskioldia GSh 30-90 ˆ 60-65 Nicely drained JC Hosta HP 30-90 ˆ 50 Peaty 1/16" Hold compost slighty moist. Humulus HP 25-30 70-75 Nicely drained 1/4" May be sown in situ. Hunnemannia HHA 15-20 70-75 Nicely drained 1/16" May be sown in situ. Makes a pleasant pot plant. Hutchutinsia HP 14-30 - Nicely drained 1/4" Sow in situ. Hyoscymus HB, HA 14-42 - Nicely drained 1/8" Sow in situ. Hypericum HSh 30-90 ˆ 50-55 Nicely drained JC Hypoestes GP 10-21 70-75 Nicely drained JC Hyssopus HP 14-42 60-70 Peaty 1/16" Iliamna HP 30-360 L ˆ 55-65 Nicely drained 1/16" See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Impatiens HHA 21-30 L ˆ 70-75 Peaty S See No. 5. Preserve a really excessive humidity till germination. Incarvillea HP 25-30 55-65 Nicely drained S See No. 5. Indigofera HHSh 30-90 ˆ 50 Nicely drained 1/8 See No. 13. (Soak for twenty-four hours). Inula HP 14-42 55-65 Nicely drained 1/16" May be sown in situ Ionopsidium HA 14-21 55-60 Nicely drained 1/16" Sow in situ. Ipomaea HHA 5-21 ˆ 70-85 Peaty 1/4" Chip and soak. See Nos. 12 and 13. Iris HP 30-545 ˆ 60-70 Peaty 1/4" See No. 6. Could take two winters outside. Isatis HB 14-42 50 Nicely drained 1/16" Sow in situ. Ixiolirion HBb 30-90 ˆ 50 Nicely drained 1/16" Ixora GSh 30-120 ˆ 70-75 Nicely drained 1/16" See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Jacaranda GSh 10-15 70-85 Peaty JC Jacobaea HA 8-21 60-65 Nicely drained 1/8" Jacobinia GP 30-180 ˆ 75-80 Peaty 1/8" See No. 13. soak for twenty-four hours). Jasione HP 10-21 70 Nicely drained JC Jatropha GP 30-120 ˆ 65-75 Nicely drained 1/16" Jovellana H/HHSh 30-90 ˆ 60-50 Nicely drained S Kalanchoe GP 7-30 L ˆ 65-75 Weil drained S Likes good air circulation. Kallstroemia HHA 14-21 ˆ 60-65 Nicely drained JC Kaulfussia HA 21-30 - Nicely drained 1/4" Greatest sown in situ. Skinny to 6². Kentranthus HP 21-40 65-70 Nicely drained JC Kirengeshoma HP 30-300 55-65 Peaty JC Hold compost uniformly moist. Knautia HP 10-21 - Nicely drained 1/4" Greatest sown in situ Skinny to six'. Kniphofia HP 10-30 70-75 Peaty 1/4" Cut back soil temperature at evening Kochia HHA 10-15 L 70-75 Nicely drained S Lagerstroemia HHSh 15-20 L 70 Nicely drained S See No. 5. Lagunaria GT 30-180 ˆ 68-70 Peaty 1/8" See No. 13. (Soak for two hours). Lamium HP 30-60 65-70 Nicely drained JC Lampranthus HHP 15-30 D 65-75 Nicely drained JC Lantana HHP 42-60 ˆ 70-75 Peaty 1/8" See No. 13. (Soak 1 day in hand scorching water). Lapageria HHP 30-90 ˆ 70-75 Peaty 1/8" See No. 13. Soak for 3 days altering water 3/5 instances per day Lapeirousia HBb 30-90 ˆ 55-60 Nicely drained 1/8" Larkspur HA 14-21 D 50-55 Peaty 1/16" See No. 14. (Pre-chill for two weeks). Excessive temperatures trigger dormancy. Lasthenia HA 17-21 - Nicely drained 1/8" Greatest sown in situ Skinny to 4". Lathyrus HP 20-30 ˆ 55-65 Peaty 1/4" Soak or chip the seeds. See Nos. 12 or 13. Lavatera HA, HB, HP15-20 70 Peaty 1/16" Lavender HSh 21-90 ˆ 55-65 Nicely drained JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4-6 weeks). Lawrencellida HHA 21-30 L 65-75 Nicely drained S Layia HA 8-30 70-75 Nicely drained 1/8" Leea GP 30-90 ˆ 75-80 Nicely drained 1/8" See No. 13. Leontopodium HP 10-42 L ˆ 50 Nicely drained S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Leptosiphon HA 17-21 55-65 Nicely drained 1/16" Greatest sown in situ. Leptospermum HHSh 30-180 ˆ 60 Peaty 1/16" Leptosyne HA 6-12 L 60-65 Peaty 1/8" Leschenaultia GSh 30-120 ˆ 60-70 Nicely drained JC Lewisia HP 365+ L ˆ 50 Nicely drained S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for five weeks). Liatris HP 20-25 55-75 Nicely drained JC Cut back soil temperature at evening. Libertia HP 30-180 ˆ 50 Nicely drained 1/8" See No. 6. Ligularia HP 14-42 ˆ 55-65 Peaty S Hold compost slighty moist. Lilies HBb 30-365 ˆ 65-75 Peaty JC See No. 10 for extra particulars. Limnanthes HA 14-21 60 Nicely drained 1/16" May be sown in situ Limonium HP, HHA 10-20 D 65-70 Nicely drained JC Suworowii wants whole darkness to germinate. Linanthus HA 17-21 - Nicely drained 1/8" Sow outside and skinny out. Linaria HP 10-15 55-60 Nicely drained JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Linum HP 20-25 65 Nicely drained 1/8" Greatest sown in situ. Lisianthus HHP 10-21 L 68-77 Nicely drained S Lithops GP 10-40 L ˆ 75-80 Nicely drained S Lobelia HHA,HHP 15-20 L ˆ 65-75 Nicely drained S Place seed of perennial varieties in fridge for 3 months (See No. 14). Lomatia HHSh 30-180 ˆ 60-65 Nicely drained 1/8" Lonas HA 5-7 D 70 Nicely drained JC May be sown in situ Lotus HHP 14-30 ˆ 55-65 Nicely drained JC Transplant into 3" pots. Luculia HHSH 30-60 ˆ 55-60 Nicely drained JC Lunaria HB 10-14 70 Nicely drained 1/8" May be sown in situ Lupin HP 15-60 D ˆ 55-65 Nicely drained 1/8" Soak or chip the seeds. See Nos. 12 or 13. Lychnis HP 21-30 L 70 Nicely drained S See No. 12. (pre-chill for two weeks). Lysichitum HP 30-60 ˆ 55-65 Peaty 1/4" Hold compost saturated by standing in water. Lysimachia HP 30-90 ˆ 55-65 Peaty S Hold compost moist. Lythrum HP 15-30 65-70 Peaty JC Macropidia GP 30-90 L 60-65 Peaty S See No. 5. Malope HA 14-30 65-75 Peaty JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Malva HP 5-21 70 Peaty 1/16" Mandeville HHSh 14-30 65-75 Nicely drained JC Sow in 1/2 sand and 1/2 peat. Mandragora HP 50-60 55-60 Peaty 1/8" Marigold HHA 5-14 70-75 Peaty JC Matricaria HP 5-21 L 65-75 Nicely drained S Cut back soil temperature at evening. Maurandia HHP 14-21 65-70 Nicely drained 1/16" Meconopsis HP 14-28 ˆ 55-65 Peaty S Hold barely moist. See additionally No. 5. Melia GT 30-180 ˆ 55 Nicely drained 1/8" Melianthus HHSh 30-180 ˆ 70-75 Peaty 1/16" Mentzelia HA 5-21 55-60 Nicely drained JC Mertensia HP 30-60 ˆ 55-60 Nicely drained 1/16" See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). MesembryanthemumHHA 15-20 D 65-75 Nicely drained S Metrosideros HHSh 30-90 ˆ 60-60 Peaty 1/16" Mimosa GP 21-30 L ˆ 70-75 Nicely drained S See No. 13. (Soak for 20 minutes in nearly boiling water). Mimulus HHP, HP 7-21 L 70-75 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Then No. 5. Mina HHP 20-25 70 Nicely drained 1/4" Chip and soak. See Nos. 12 and 13. Mirabilis HHA 7-21 L 70 Nicely drained S MIXTURES: the different sorts in these teams will all germinate at completely different instances. Prick out every because it emerges and don't discard Conifer Timber HT 30-365 ˆ 55-65 Peaty JC See Nos. 6 and 16 Deciduous Timber HT 30-365 ˆ 55-65 Peaty JC See Nos. 6 and 16 Wild Flowers HA,HP 30-180 ˆ 55-65 Nicely drained 1/16² See No. 6 Eternal Fls. HHA 14-21 65-75 Nicely drained 1/16² May be sown in situ Eternal Fls. HP 30-180 ˆ 65-75 Nicely drained JC See No. 6 Exotics GP 30-180 ˆ 65-75 Peaty JC Fls. to draw B/flies HA 14-21 - Nicely drained 1/8² May be sown in situ Australian Bush GP 30-180 L ˆ 75-80 Peaty S Shore/Coastal HB,HP 30-180 ˆ 55-65 Nicely drained JC Silver/Gray Fol. HP,HHA 30-180 ˆ 55-65 Nicely drained JC Succulents HHP 30-90 L ˆ 65-75 Nicely drained S Moluccelia 21-35 L ˆ 60 Nicely drained JC Pre-chill for five days then 40°F temp. evening offers finest outcomes. Momordica HHA 14-21 65-75 Peaty 1/8" Sow seeds singly in 3' pots. Monarda HP 10-40 60-70 Peaty JC Cut back soil temperature at evening. Moraea HHBb 30-90 ˆ 55-60 Nicely drained 1/8" Morina HP 14-42 50 Peaty 1/16" Mucuna GP 21-90 65-75 Peaty 1/4" Muscari HBb 42-60 60-65 Nicely drained 1/16" Mutisia H/HHSh 30-90 ˆ 70 Nicely drained 1/16" Myosotidium H/HHP 30-180 ˆ 65-70 Peaty 1/16" Myosotis HB 14-30 D 65-70 Peaty S See No. 5 however hold in whole darkness. Myrrhis HP 14-42 55-65 Nicely drained 1/8" May be sown in situ Naranjilla GP 10-30 ˆ 70-80 Peaty 1/16" Nasturtium HA 7-12 65 Nicely drained 1/4" Greatest sown in situ Nemesia HHA 7-21 55-70 Peaty S See No. 5. Nemophila HA 7-21 55 Nicely drained 1/16" May be sown in situ. Neperrthes GP 30-90 ˆ 75-85 Peaty S Dont let compost dry out. See additionally No.5. Nepeta HP 7-21 60-70 Nicely drained JC May be sown in situ. Nerine HHBb 14-21 65-70 Nicely drained S Sow instantly, hold moist and place in a polythene bag. Nerium GSh 30-90 L ˆ 65-75 Peaty S Nertera GP 30-90 D ˆ 65-70 Nicely drained SC See No. 8. Nicandra HA 15-20 70-75 Nicely drained JC Nicotiana HHA 10-20 L 70-75 Nicely drained S Nierembergia HHP 15-30 ˆ 70-75 Nicely drained JC Nigella HA 10-15 65-70 Nicely drained 1/16" Greatest sown in situ. Resents transplanting. Nolana HHA 14-30 60-70 Nicely drained 1/16" May be sown in situ. Nomocharis HBb 30-180 L ˆ 45-50 Nicely drained JC See No. 16 Notholirion H/HHBb 30-180 L ˆ 45-50 Nicely drained JC See No .16 Ocimum HA 14-42 L 55-60 Nicely drained S Oenothera HP 15-30 L 65-70 Nicely drained JC Cut back soil temperature at evening. Omphalodes HP 14-42 65-75 Nicely drained 1/8" Onopordon HP,HB 30-60 55-60 Nicely drained 1/4" May be sown in situ. Onosma HP 30-60 50 Nicely drained 1/16" Orchid GP 90-365 L ˆ 65-75 Nicely drained S Orchis HBb 90-365 L ˆ 65-75 Nicely drained S Ornithogalum GBb 30-180 ˆ 55-60 Peaty 1/16" See No. 6 Orphium GSh 21-42 L 65-70 Nicely drained S Osteospermum HHA,HP 10-15 L 60-65 Nicely drained JC Oxalis HBb 14-60 55-68 Nicely drained JC Pachypodium GP 30-180 L ˆ 65-75 Nicely drained S Paeonia HP 365+ L ˆ 50-60 Nicely drained JC See No. 16. Hold shaded and moist. Palms GP 60-180 ˆ 75-80 Peaty 1/4" See No. 2 Pansy HP 14-21 D ˆ 65-75 Nicely drained 1/16" See No. 14. (Pre-Chill for two Weeks.) Papaver HP 10-30 D 55 Nicely drained S Greatest sown in situ. P. Orientale Wants mild for germination. Paradisea HP 30-180 ˆ 50 Nicely drained 1/16" See No. 6 Parnassia HP 30-180 ˆ 55-65 Peaty S Stand seed pan in a saucer of water to maintain soil all the time moist. Parochetus HP 30-90 ˆ 50 Nicely drained 1/16" See No. 13. Passiflora HHP 30-365 ˆ 70-85 Peaty 1/4" See No. 13. Give the seed container an occasional soaking. Pavonia GSh 30-60 ˆ 75 Peaty 1/16" Peanuts GA 7-21 70-75 Peaty 1/4" Sow and place inside a polythene bag till germination. Peltiphyllum HP 30-90 L ˆ 55-60 Peaty S Stand seed pan in a saucer of water to maintain soil all the time moist. Penstemon HP 18-21 L 55-60 Nicely drained JC See No.14 Pentas GP 25-40 70-75 Peaty S See No.5 Peperomia GP 15-30 70-75 Peaty S See No.5 Perilla HHA 15-30 L 65-75 Peaty S Petrea GSh 30-60 L 65-75 Peaty S Petunia HHA 10-21 L 70-75 Peaty S F1 hybrids and doubles may have 80°F to germinate. Phacelia HA 12-30 D 55-65 Nicely drained 1/4" Greatest sown in situ. Whole darkish required. Phaeomeria GP 30-90 ˆ 80 Nicely drained 1/8" Phaseolus GP 30-60 65-70 Nicely drained 1/16" Chip and soak. See Nos. 12 an 13. Philodendron GP 30-120 ˆ 75-80 Peaty 1/16" Phlomis HP 14-42 60 Nicely drained JC Phlox-Annual HHA 10-21 D 55-65 Peaty 1/16" Sow direct into pots because it resents transplanting. Phlox-PerennialHP 25-30 D ˆ 70 Peaty 1/16" See No.14. (Pre-chill for 4 weeks). Phormium HP 30-180 ˆ 60-65 Peaty JC Phuopsis HP 30-40 L 50-60 Nicely drained S Phygelius HP 10-14 70-75 Nicely drained JC Physalis HP 21-30 L 70 Nicely drained S Physostegia HP 21-30 55-75 Peaty JC Cut back soil temperature at evening. Phyteuma HP 30-90 ˆ 55-65 Nicely drained JC See No.6 Phytolacca HP 30-60 ˆ 65-70 Nicely drained 1/8" Pilea GP 14-60 L ˆ 65-75 Peaty S See No. 5. Pinguicula HHP 30-120 L ˆ 55 Peaty S See No. 5. Use a compost 1/2 peat and 1/2 sand. Pittosporum HHSh 30-60 55 Nicely drained 1/16" Place seeds in a bag and dip in boiling water for few seconds. Platycodon HP 15-30 L 70 Nicely drained S Platystemon HA 14-30 55-65 Nicely drained 1/16 Sow in situ Plumbago GP 25-30 70 Nicely drained JC Plumeria GP 30-180 ˆ 65-75 Peaty 1/16" See No. 13. Podolepis HHA 21-30 L 65-70 Nicely drained S Podophyllum HP 30-180 L ˆ 55-60 Peaty JC Pre-chill for 3 weeks. Hold compost all the time moist. Polemonium HP 20-25 70 Peaty 1/16" Cut back soil temperature at evening. Polygala HSh 30-60 L 60-65 Nicely drained JC Polygonatum HP 30-545 ˆ 50 Nicely drained 1/16" See No. 6. Polygonum HP,HHA 21-60 ˆ 70-75 Peaty 1/16" Don't overwater Portulaca HHA 14-21 L 70-85 Nicely drained S Potentilla HP 14-30 65-70 Nicely drained JC Poterium HP 30-60 ˆ 50 Nicely drained JC See No. 6. Primula-IndoorsGA, GP 20-25 L ˆ 55-60 Peaty S P.Sinensis wants darkness for germination. Primula-OutdoorHP 21-40 L ˆ 60-65 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Proboscidia GA/HHA 15-42 ˆ 70-75 Peaty 1/4" Protea HHT 30-90 ˆ 65-75 Peaty 1/4" Sow instantly. Prunella HP 30-60 55-65 Nicely drained 1/16" Psidium 30-60 ˆ 70-75 Peaty JC See No. 13. Pulmonaria HP 30-42 60-65 Peaty JC Pulsatilla HP 30-180 ˆ 60-70 Nicely drained JC See No. 6. Trim 'tails' off seeds earlier than sowing Pyrethum HHA, HP 30-60 ˆ 55 Nicely drained JC Doubleness of flowers will increase in 2nd 12 months. Pyrola HSh 30-90 L ˆ 55 Peaty S Ramonda HP 30-60 L ˆ 55-60 Nicely drained S Ranunculus HP 30-90 ˆ 50 Nicely drained 1/16" See No. 6. Raoulia HP 30-90 L ˆ 55-60 Nicely drained S Ratibida HA/HB/HP 21-42 68-75 Nicely drained 1/8" Cut back soil temperature at evening. Rechsteineria GBb 30-60 70 Nicely drained JC Rehmannia H/HHP 21-42 L 60-65 Nicely drained JC Reseda HB,HA 5-21 L 70 Nicely drained S Further care required when transplanting. Rheum HP 21-42 60-65 Peaty 1/8" Rhodanthe HHA 14-30 75-80 Nicely drained JC May be sown in situ Rhodochiton HHP 12-42 ˆ 60-65 Peaty JC Rhodohypoxis HP 30-90 ˆ 50 Nicely drained JC Lime free compost required. Rhoeo GP 14-60 65-70 Peaty JC See No. 13. (Soak for 1/2 hour). Ricinus HHA 15-21 70-75 Peaty 1/4" These seeds are toxic. Rochea HHP 14-42 L 60-70 PBM S See No. 5. Rodgersia HP 12-60 L 55-60 Peaty S Roscoea HP 30-365 L ˆ 50-55 Nicely drained S See No. 16. Rothmannia HHSh 30-90 ˆ 70-75 Peaty 1/8" See No. 13. (Soak for five hours). Rudbeckia HHA, HP 5-21 L 70 Peaty S Fulgida see No. 14. (Pre-chill for two weeks). Ruella HP 30-60 ˆ 65-75 Peaty JC Ruta HP 30-42 60-65 Nicely drained JC Sagina HP 10-21 55 Nicely drained JC Saintpaulia GP 30-60 L ˆ 70-75 Peaty S See No. 5. Salpiglossis HHA 15-30 D ˆ 70-75 Peaty S Salvia HHA, HA 10-14 L ˆ 68-80 Nicely drained S For Patens & Superba see No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Sandersonia HHBb 30-90 ˆ 75 Nicely drained 1/8" See No. 13. Sanguinaria HP 30-90 ˆ 50-55 Nicely drained 1/16" Sanguisorba HP 30-60 50-55 Nicely drained S Sanvitalia HA 10-21 L 70 Nicely drained S Take care when transplanting. Saponaria HA,HP 10-21 L 70 Nicely drained S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Sarracenia HP 30-90 L ˆ 75-80 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 7 days) then No. 5. Saxifraga HP 15-60 ˆ 65-75 Nicely drained JC See No. 6. Scabiosa HA 10-15 ˆ 70-75 Nicely drained 1/16" Schefflera GSh 20-30 75 Peaty 1/16" Schizanthus GA 7-14 D 60-75 Peaty S Schizopetalon HHA 6-21 60-65 Nicely drained 1/16" Schizostylis HBb 30-90 ˆ 55-60 Nicely drained 1/16" Scilla HP 30-180 ˆ 50 Peaty 1/16" See No. 6. Scutellaria HP 14-180 ˆ 50 Nicely drained JC Sedum HP 15-30 ˆ 50 Nicely drained S See No. 6. Sempervivum HP 15-30 ˆ 70 Nicely drained S Senecio HHA 10-21 L 65-75 Nicely drained 1/16" Setcreasia HHP 30-40 70 Peaty JC Shortia HP 30-60 ˆ 60-65 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Sidalcea HP 14-42 50 Nicely drained 1/8" Silene HP 15-20 70 Nicely drained JC May be sown in situ. Silybum HA 14-21 55-60 Nicely drained 1/8" May be sown in situ. Simmondsia HHT 14-21 65-70 Nicely drained JC See No. 13. (Soak for 12 hours). Sinningia GP 10-21 L 70 Peaty S Sisyrinchium HP 30-180 ˆ 50 Nicely drained 1/8" See No. 6. Smilacena HP 30-180 L ˆ 60-65 Peaty JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Smithiantha GP 15-40 L 75-77 Peaty S Very small seeds Solanum GP 15-21 L 70-80 Nicely drained S The vegetation must be positioned outside via the summer time for pollination. Soldanella HP 30-180 L ˆ 55-60 Nicely drained JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4 weeks). Solidago HP 14-42 50 Nicely drained JC Sparaxis HBb 30-90 ˆ 50-55 Nicely drained 1/16" Sparmannia GSh 21-30 65-75 Peaty JC Specularia HA 12-30 - Nicely drained 1/16" Sow outside and skinny out. Spigelia H/HHP 30-60 L 65-70 Nicely drained JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Stachys HP 15-30 L 70 Nicely drained JC Cut back soil temperature at evening. Develop on the dry aspect. Stapelia GP 7-30 L ˆ 65-70 Peaty S Use 1/2 peat 1/2 sand. Stenocarpus HHT 30-90 ˆ 65-75 Nicely drained JC Stephanotis GP 15-90 ˆ 75-80 Peaty 1/16" Hold the compost barely moist. Stereospermum GSh 30-18O ˆ 65-75 Nicely drained JC Shares HHA 10-14 L 55-60 Nicely drained S May be sown in situ. Stokesia HP 25-30 70 Peaty 1/16" Strelitzia GP 30-180 ˆ 70-75 Sand S See No. 1. Soak for as much as 3 days altering the water every day. Streptocarpus GP 15-30 L 55-65 Peaty S Very small seeds. See No. 5. Streptosolon HHSh 30-90 ˆ 55-65 Nicely drained 1/16" Stylomecon HA 14-21 - Nicely drained 1/16" Sow outside and skinny out to six". Succisa HP 10-21 ˆ 65-70 Nicely drained JC Sutherlandia H/HHSh 21-30 60-65 Nicely drained 1/16" See No. 13. (Soak for 3 hours). Candy Pea HA 10-20 D 55-65 Peaty 1/4² File or soak seeds. See Nos. 12 and 13. Develop cool. Symphyandra HP 21-30 L 60-65 Nicely drained JC Tacca GP 30-270 ˆ 80-85 Peaty 1/8" Soak for 72 hours. See No. 13. Tacitus HHP 30-90 L ˆ 50-60 Nicely drained S Tecophilaea HBb 30-365 ˆ 50-55 Peaty 1/16" Hold compost barely moist. Tellima HP 30-90 ˆ 55-60 Nicely drained S See No. 6. Tephrosia HP 21-42 65-70 Nicely drained JC Chip and soak. See Nos. 12 and 13. Tetranema GP 14-30 65-75 Peaty JC Teucrium HP 25-30 70 Nicely drained S Thalictrum HP 15-21 ˆ 50-60 Nicely drained 1/8" Thermopsis HP 15-30 70 Nicely drained 1/16" File or soak the seeds. See Nos. 12 and 13. Thunbergia HHA 14-21 ˆ 70-75 Peaty JC Hold the compost barely moist. Thymus HP 15-30 L 55 Peaty S See No. 5. Tiarella HP 14-90 ˆ 50 Nicely drained S See No. 6. Tibouchina GSh 30-90 L ˆ 60-70 Peaty S See No. 5. Tigridia H/HHBb 30-90 55-60 Nicely drained 1/16" Tillandsia GP 30-90 L ˆ 60-70 Peaty S See No. 5. Tithonia HHA 5-14 L ˆ 70- Nicely drained S Torenia GA 15-30 L 70-75 Peaty S See No. 5. Townsendia HP 30-90 ˆ 60 Nicely drained 1/16" See No. 6. Trachelium HHP 15-21 L 55-60 Nicely drained S Trachymene HHA 15-30 D 70 Nicely drained 1/16" Transplant rigorously. Tradescantia HP 30-40 70 Peaty JC Cut back soil temperature at evening. Tree Fems HHP 30-120 L ˆ 65-70 Peaty S See No. 4. Trichosanthes HHA 14-30 65-75 Peaty 1" Sow singly in 2' pots. Tricyrtis HP 30-90 ˆ 65-70 Nicely drained 1/8" Hold compost slighty moist. Trillium HP 545+ ˆ 60-70 Nicely drained S See No. 15. Requires two intervals of a minimum of 3 months within the frig. Tripteris HA 5-14 60-65 Nicely drained 1/8" May be sown in situ. Trollius HP 30-365 ˆ 50 Nicely drained S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for two weeks). Trop. SpeciosumHP 360-720 ˆ 55-60 Nicely drained JC Tropaeolum HA 10-15 55-65 Peaty 1/4" May be sown in situ Tulipa HBb 60-90 ˆ 50 Nicely drained 1/8" See No. 6. Tunica HP 14-60 ˆ 50 Nicely drained 1/16 See No. 6 Tweedia GP 30-90 ˆ 75 Nicely drained JC Urospermum HP/HB 16-30 L 60-65 Nicely drained JC Ursinia HHA 14-30 55-60 Nicely drained JC Uvularia HP 30-180 ˆ 55-60 Peaty JC Vallota HHBb 30-60 65-70 Peaty 1/16" Veltheimia HHBb 30-90 ˆ 55-65 Peaty 1/16" Hold compost barely moist Venidium HHA 6-14 60-65 Peaty 1/8" Veratrum HP 90-365 ˆ 55-60 Nicely drained 1/4² See No. 6 and No. 16. Verbascum HB,HP 14-30 55-60 Nicely drained 1/16" May be grown in situ Verbena HHA,HP 14-90 D ˆ 65 Nicely drained 1/16" Bonariensis & Venosa. See No. 14. (Pre-chill for two weeks). Verbesina HHA 14-30 60-65 Nicely drained 1/8" Veronica HP 15-30 L 70 Peaty JC Cut back soil temperature at evening. Veronicastrum HP 21-40 L 55-60 Nicely drained JC Vicia HP 21-40 65-70 Nicely drained JC Vinca GA 15-30 D ˆ 70-75 Peaty 1/16" Viola HP 14-21 D ˆ 65-75 Nicely drained 1/16" See No. 14. (Pre-chill for two weeks). Viscaria HA 10-21 60-65 Nicely drained JC Vriesia GP 7-90 L ˆ 60.7 Peaty S See No. 5. Wahlenbergia HHA 14-28 L 60-70 Nicely drained S Wallflower HB 10-14 65-70 Nicely drained 1/4" Sow in reserve mattress, prick out 6² aside, plant out in October. Waterlily GP 14-30 File seed and submerge in water at 75-85'F, change water twice every day. Watsonia HBb 30-180 ˆ 55-65 Nicely drained 1/8" Hold the compost slimy moist. Xeranthemum HA 10-15 70 Nicely drained JC Transplant rigorously. Xerophyllum HP 30-60 ˆ 55-60 Peaty JC Yucca HA 30-365 ˆ 65-75 Nicely drained JC Filamentosa germinates at 55°F. Zantedeschia HHP 30-90 L ˆ 70-80 Peaty S See No. 13. Hold compost fairly moist. Zauschneria H/HHP 30-60 L 60-65 Nicely drained JC Zea HHA 5-14 70 Peaty 1/4" Sow seeds individually in peat pots. zinnia HHA 10-24 75-80 Peaty 1/16" Sow seeds individually in peat pots. _______________________________________________________________________________________ TREES AND SHRUBS Abies HT 21-30 L ˆ 68-75 Peaty S Soak in a single day then pre-chill for 21 days. (No. 14). Acer HT 30-365+ L ˆ 65-70 Peaty S Soak for two days then No. 15. (2 months heat moist, 2 months frig) Ailanthus HT 30-90 L ˆ 50-60 Nicely drained S Chip, soak then No. 14 for two weeks. Akebia HSh 30-180 L ˆ 50-60 Peaty S See No. 14. (4 weeks). Albiza HSh/HT 30-90 ˆ 65-75 Nicely drained 1/8" Soak for 12 hours in tepid water earlier than sowing. Amorpha HSh 30-120 ˆ 50-60 Nicely drained 1/16" Soak for 12 hours in tepid water earlier than sowing. Andromeda HSh 30-60 L ˆ 50-60 Peaty S Stand seed pan in a saucer of water to maintain soil all the time moist. Araucaria HT 30-60 D 55-60 Peaty 1/4" Sow instantly Arbutus HT 60-90 L ˆ 65-70 Peaty S See No. 14. (6-8 weeks). Arundinaria HSh 30-90 L ˆ 70 Peaty JC Stand seed in a saucer of water to maintain the soil all the time moist. Asterolasia HSh 30-180 ˆ 55-65 Nicely drained 1/16" Aucuba HSh 30-90 ˆ 65-70 Nicely drained 1/8" Azalea HSh 50-90 L ˆ 55-60 Peaty S See No. 5 or No. 6. Hold shaded from direct solar. Berberis HSh 60-180 L ˆ 50-65 Nicely drained S See No. 14. (8 weeks). Betula HT 30-90 L ˆ 65-75 Peaty S See No. 14. (10 weeks). Buddleia HSh 20-30 L 70-75 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4 weeks). Bupleurum HSh 14-60 55-60 Nicely drained JC Calluna HSh 30-60 L ˆ 65-70 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4 weeks). Calocedrus HT 30-90 L 50-60 Peaty JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4 weeks). Camellia HSh 30-90 ˆ 70-75 Peaty 1/4² See No. 13 . Can also profit from No. 14. Caragana HSh 14-21 L 65-70 Nicely drained S See No. 13. Carpinus HT 30-365 L ˆ 65-70 Nicely drained S See No. 15. (1 month at 70°F then 4 months in frig.) or No. 16. Caryopteris HSh 30-90 ˆ 65-70 Nicely drained JC Catalpa HT 14-30 L ˆ 60-70 Peaty S Give seedlings good air flow to stop damping off. Ceanothus HSh 30-60 L 65-70 Nicely drained S Soak in a single day then deal with as No. 14 for two weeks. Cedrus HT 14-60 L ˆ 60-65 Nicely drained S Soak for 2-3 hours then deal with as No. 14 for 3 weeks. Cephalotaxus HSh 14-60 ˆ 60-65 Peaty JC Cercis HSh 30-90 L ˆ 70-75 Nicely drained JC See No.13. Soak in hand scorching water then No. 14 for 2-3 months. Chaenomeles HSh 70-90 L ˆ 55-65 Nicely drained S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 7-10 weeks). Chamaecyparis HT,HHT 30-60 L 50-60 Peaty JC See No 14. (Pre-chilll for 3 weeks). Chimonanthus HSh 63-90 L ˆ 50-60 Nicely drained S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 5-8 weeks). Chionanthus HSh 30-180 L ˆ 60-70 Nicely drained S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 1 month) Cistus HSh 7-30 L 65-70 Peaty S See No. 5. Clerodendron HSh 60-90 L ˆ 65-70 Nicely drained S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4-6 weeks). Colutea HSh 7-21 65-70 Nicely drained 1/16² Chip and soak. See Nos. 12 and 13. Cordyline HHSh 30-60 ˆ 65-70 Peaty 1/16² Cornus HSh 90-730 L ˆ 50-60 Nicely drained S See No.15. (2 months at 70°F then 3 months in frig) or No. 16. Coronilla HHSh 30-60 65-75 Nicely drained JC Cotoneaster HSh 180-365 L ˆ 70 Acid Peaty S See No.15. (3-5 months at 70°F then 3 months in frig) or No. 16. Crataegus HSh 180-730 L ˆ 50-60 Nicely drained S See No.15. (3-5 months at 70'F then 3 months in frig) or No. 16. Crinodendron H/HHSh 30-120 ˆ 55-65 Nicely drained JC See No.13. (Soak for 3 hours). Cryptomeria HT 30-60 ˆ 55-65 Peaty 1/16² Cupressus HT 30-90 L ˆ 65-75 Peaty S See No.14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Cytisus HSh 25-30 L 70-75 Nicely drained S See No.13. Transplant to last quarters while nonetheless small. Daboecia HSh 30-120 L ˆ 55-65 Acid peat S By no means permit compost to dry out. Daphne HSh 150- 365 L ˆ 50-60 Nicely drained S See No. 15.(2 months at 70°F then 3 months within the frig) Davidia HT 300-365 ˆ 50-65 Peaty 1/4 See No. 15.(3-4 months heat moist, 3-4 months frig.). Decaisnea HSh 30-180 ˆ 55-60 Nicely drained 1/4 Elaeagnus HT/HSh 140-180 ˆ 50-65 Nicely drained 1/16 See No. 15.(4 weeks heat moist, 8-12 weeks frig.). Enkianthus HSh 25-60 L ˆ 60-70 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for six weeks). Erica HSh 30-60 L ˆ 65-70 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4 weeks). Euonymus HSh 220-365 ˆ 50-65 Nicely drained 1/16 See No. 15.(8-12 weeks heat moist, 8-16 weeks frig.). Fagus HT 30-365 L ˆ 50-60 Nicely drained JC Soak in a single day then see No. 14 (pre-chill for six weeks) or No. 16. Forsythia HSh 30-90 55-65 Nicely drained JC FremontodendronHHSh/HSh 30-60 65-70 Nicely drained JC Fuchsia HSh 21-90 L ˆ 70-75 Peaty S See No. 5. Soak in rain water for 3-4 days. Hold compost moist. Gaultheria HSh 30-60 L 65-70 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4-10 weeks). Acid soils solely. Genista HSh 14-30 55-65 Nicely drained JC See No. 13. Gingko HT 30-60 L ˆ 70-75 Peaty 1/8 See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 8-10 weeks). Gleditschia HT 14-30 65-70 Nicely drained JC Chip and soak for twenty-four hours. See Nos. 12 and 13. Gymnocladus HT 30-90 ˆ 65-70 Nicely drained 1/4 Chip and soak in heat water for twenty-four hours. See Nos. 12 and 13. Hamamelis HSh 270-365 L ˆ 50-60 Peaty 1/16 See No.15. (3 months at 70°F then place in frig. for 3 months). Hebe HHSh 15-30 70 Peaty JC Hibiscus HSh 30-60 ˆ 70-75 Nicely drained 1/16 See No.13. Hippophae HSh 30-180 L ˆ 55-65 Nicely drained JC See No.14. (Pre-chill for 14 weeks). Holodiscus HSh 30-180 ˆ 60-65 Nicely drained S Indigofera HSh 30-60 65-70 Nicely drained 1/16 Pour almost boiling water over seed and depart to soak in a single day. Jasminum HSh 20-30 70-75 Nicely drained JC Juglans HT 30-180 L ˆ 50-60 Peaty JC See No. 14. (2-3 weeks). Place in order that dividing line is on the high. Juniperus HT 30-180 L ˆ 45-50 Peaty S Soak for twenty-four hours. Excessive temperatures stop germination. Kalmia HSh 30-60 L ˆ 70 Sandy peat S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 months). Kalmiopsis HSh 30-60 L 65-70 Acid, sandy peatS Koelreuteria HT 30-60 L ˆ 55-65 Peaty JC See No. 13. (Use boiling water) then No. 14 (place in frig. for 3 weeks). Kolwitzia HT 40-70 L ˆ 65-70 Nicely drained JC Soak for 24 hours then No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4 weeks). Labumum HT 30-60 65-70 Nicely drained 1/16 Chip and soak. See Nos. 12 and 13. Larix HT 30-90 L ˆ 65-75 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 1 month). Laurus HT 40-90 L ˆ 50-60 Peaty JC Soak for twenty-four hours then No. 14. (Pre-chill 1 month) Ledum HSh 30-60 L ˆ 55-65 Acid peat S Leycesteria HSh 30-60 60-65 Sandy peat JC Liquidambar HT 14-365 L ˆ 65-75 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 months). Do not let the seeds dry out. Liriodendron HT 60-365 L ˆ 65-75 Peaty S See No. 16. Loiseleuria HSh 30-60 65-75 Nicely drained JC Lonicera HSh 180+ L ˆ 60-70 Nicely drained JC See No. 14. Place in frig. for 3 months. Hold temp. beneath 75°F. Magnolia HT 120+ L ˆ 50 Nicely drained JC See No. 14. Place in frig. for 4 months. Mahonia HSh 90-120 L ˆ 50 Peaty JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Malus HT 120-365 L ˆ 50 Peaty JC Soak for twenty-four hours then No. 14. (Pre-chill for 14 weeks). Menziesia HSh 30-60 55 Sandy peat S Hold compost uniformly moist. Morus HT 14-30 L 65-75 Peaty S See No. 5. or see No. 14. (Pre-chill for 1-3 months). Myrtus HHSH 30-90 ˆ 55-65 Peaty JC See No. 13. Nyssa HT 90-365 L ˆ 50 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 months). Olea HHT/HT 30-120 ˆ 65-70 Nicely drained 1/8" Olearia H/HHSh 30-60 L 65-70 Nicely drained S Ostrya HT 365+ L ˆ 50-60 Nicely drained JC See No. 16. Paeonia HSh 270+ L ˆ 70 Nicely drained JC See No. 15. Parthenocissus HSh 60-180 L ˆ 60-70 Nicely drained JC See No. 13 then 14. (Pre-chill for six week). Paulownia HT 30-60 L 55-70 Peaty S See No. 5 Philadelphus HSh 30-60 65-70 Nicely drained JC Phlomis HSh 30-90 ˆ 65-75 Nicely drained JC Phyllodoce HSh 30-60 L 55-65 Peaty S Picea HT 30-60 L ˆ 55 Nicely drained S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 21 days). Pieris HSh 30-70 L ˆ 65-70 Acid Peat S See No. 5. Pinus HT 30-60 L ˆ 55-65 Nicely drained S Soak seed, then No 14. (Pre-chill for six weeks). Pittosporum HHSh 30-60 ˆ 55 Nicely drained 1/16" Place seeds in a bag and dip in boiling water for a number of seconds. Prunus HT 120-365 L ˆ 65-75 Nicely drained 1/16" Soak in a single day then see No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4 months). Pseudotsuga HT 30-180 L ˆ 75 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 8 weeks). Ptelia HSh/HT 80-120 55-60 Nicely drained 1/8" See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Punica HHSH 30-40 L 70-75 Nicely drained S See No. 13 Pyracantha HSh 40-180 L ˆ 50 Peaty JC See No. 14. (Pre-chill for six weeks). Quercus HT 120-365 L ˆ 50 Peaty JC Soak for twenty-four hours, then No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 months). Rhododendron HSh 50-90 L ˆ 55-60 Acid Peat S See No. 6. Hold shaded from direct solar. Rhodotypos HSh 365+ L ˆ 55-65 Peaty JC See No. 15. (3 months at 70°F, 3 months chill, 3 months at 70°F). Rhus HSh 30-90 ˆ 65-70 Nicely drained JC Chip or soak. See Nos. 12 and 13. Robinia HT 7-30 L 65-75 Nicely drained S See No. 13. Soak in hand scorching water. Rosa HSh 30-365+ L ˆ 55 Nicely drained JC See No. 16 or No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 months). Santolina HSh 15-30 65-70 Nicely drained JC Sarcococca HSh 30-120 55-65 Peaty JC Sequoia HT 7-60 L ˆ 65-70 Peaty S Skimmia HSh 30-180 L ˆ 50-60 Acid Peat S Soak in a single day then No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4 weeks). Sophora HT 10-21 70-85 Nicely drained JC Chip and soak seeds. See Nos. 12 and 13. Sorbus HT 120-180 L ˆ 65-70 Nicely drained S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4 months). Spartium HSh 7-30 70 Nicely drained JC Chip and soak. See Nos. 12 and 13. Spiraea HSh 30-40 55-65 Nicely drained JC Styrax HSh 30-90 ˆ 55-65 Nicely drained JC Syringa HSh 14-60 L 70 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 weeks). Tamarix HSh 30-50 L 65-70 Peaty S See No. 5. Taxodium HT 14-60 L 70 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 30 days). Taxus HT 365+ L ˆ 70 Peaty JC See No. 15. (3 months at 70°F, 3 months chill, 3 months at 70°F). Thuja HSh 14-60 L ˆ 55 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4 weeks). Trachycarpus HT 40-90 L ˆ 55-65 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 4 weeks). Tsuga HT 7-60 L ˆ 60 Peaty S See No. 14. (Pre-chill for 3 months). Ulex HSh 14-21 65-75 Nicely drained JC See No. 13. Vaccinium HSh 365+ L ˆ 65-75 Acid Peat S See No. 16. Viburnum HSh 240-540 L ˆ 70 Nicely drained JC See No. 15. (3 months 70°F, 3 months chill, 3 months 70°F). Wistaria HSh 30-60 55-65 Nicely drained 1/8" Chip and soak in hand scorching water. See Nos. 12 and 13. Zelkova HT 14-60 L ˆ 50-70 Peaty S See No. 5 or No. 14. (Pre-chill for two weeks). The next information is supplied by Thompson & Morgan Profitable Seed Elevating Information. This information is out of print.
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